RESUMO
Background: There is an association between extreme maternal ages and the risk of congenital malformations. This is specially true for chromosomal abnormalities among women of advanced ages and disruptive malformation among teenage mothers. Aim: To determine the association between maternal ages and incidence of congenital malformations at the obstetric ward of a clinical hospital. To compare these figures with those of Chile. Material and methods: The hospital registries of the Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC) between 1996 and 2005, were consulted. This is a database of all marformations detected in newborns at the hospital. Results: An overall prevalence of malformations of8,4 percent was detected at the hospital. There is a significantly lower frequency of mothers aged less than 20 years than in the rest of Chile. Mothers aged between 20 and 29 years have the lower frequency of malformed children. Women aged íess than 20 years and over 39 years of age, account for 56 percent of malformed children. Maternal ages and the rates of malformations, increased in a parallel fashion at a rate of 0.2 years and 2.2 malformed children per 1,000 born alive, per calendar year, respectively. Conclusions: The association between prevalence rates of congenital malformations and maternal age is U chaped with a higher proportion of malformed children among women aged íess than 20 years or more than 39 years.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidez , Anormalidades Congênitas/epidemiologia , Idade Materna , Chile/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Sistema de Registros/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: There is an association between extreme maternal ages and the risk of congenital malformations. This is specially true for chromosomal abnormalities among women of advanced ages and disruptive malformation among teenage mothers. AIM: To determine the association between maternal ages and incidence of congenital malformations at the obstetric ward of a clinical hospital. To compare these figures with those of Chile. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The hospital registries of the Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC) between 1996 and 2005, were consulted. This is a database of all malformations detected in newborns at the hospital. RESULTS: An overall prevalence of malformations of 8,4% was detected at the hospital. There is a significantly lower frequency of mothers aged less than 20 years than in the rest of Chile. Mothers aged between 20 and 29 years have the lower frequency of malformed children. Women aged less than 20 years and over 39 years of age account for 56% of malformed children. Maternal ages and the rates of malformations, increased in a parallel fashion at a rate of 0.2 years and 2.2 malformed children per 1,000 born alive, per calendar year, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The association between prevalence rates of congenital malformations and maternal age is U shaped with a higher proportion of malformed children among women aged less than 20 years or more than 39 years.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Congênitas/epidemiologia , Idade Materna , Adolescente , Adulto , Chile/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidez , Prevalência , Sistema de Registros/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
La patología dermatológica es una causa relativamente infrecuente de consulta en los Servicios de Urgencia a nivel mundial. Quizás es por ello que sus características han sido poco descritas en la literatura. Con el objetivo de conocer un poco más acerca de este tema, realizamos un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo de las consultas dermatológicas realizadas tanto por adultos como por niños al Servicio de Urgencia del Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile durante julio y diciembre de 2005, meses representativos de invierno y verano, respectivamente. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que las causas dermatológicas representan alrededor del 5 por ciento del total de consultas realizadas al Servicio de Urgencia. Sin embargo, esta cifra no es igual en ambos meses, ya que corroboramos un aumento porcentual significativo de las consultas por patología cutánea durante el mes de diciembre. De igual forma, observamos que la proporción de consultas de urgencias atribuibles a una causa dermatológica en pacientes pediátricos es mayor que la correspondiente a pacientes adultos. Por último, y en concordancia con lo reportado a nivel internacional, las etiologías infecciosas y alérgicas fueron las principales causas pesquisadas.
Dermatological pathology is a relatively infrequent cause of consultation in emergency services throughout the world. Perhaps this is why their characteristics have been poorly described in literature. In order to know a little more about this subject, we made a descriptive and retrospective study of the dermatological consultations made, by both adults and children, to the Clinical Hospital University of Chile Emergency Service during July and December, 2005, representative months of Winter and Summer, respectively. Results show that dermatological causes represent approximately 5 percent of all consultations made to the Emergency Service. Nevertheless, this number is not equal in both months, since we corroborated a significant percentage increase of consultations for cutaneous pathology during the month of December. Similarly, we observed that the proportion of emergency consultations attributable to a dermatological cause in pediatric patients is greater than that corresponding to adult patients. Finally and in agreement with international literature, infectious and allergic etiologies were the main causes found.
Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Adulto , Atenção Primária à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Dermatopatias/epidemiologia , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Chile/epidemiologia , Dermatopatias/diagnóstico , Dermatopatias/etiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estações do AnoRESUMO
Introducción: Onfalocele y gastrosquisis son los defectos de la pared abdominal (DPA) más frecuentes. Ambos necesitan un diagnóstico precoz y tratamiento quirúrgico oportuno para sobrevivir. Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia al nacimiento de los DPA en la maternidad del Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile (HCUCH) y compararla con la del total de maternidades chilenas (MCh) y los resultados del Estudio Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformaciones Congénitas (ECLAMC). Resultados: La prevalencia global de onfalocele fue de 3,4/ 10 000 nacimientos y 3,8/10 000 para gastrosquisis. La prevalencia de onfalocele fue 9/10.000 en HCUCH y 2,77/10 000 en MCh (p = 0,006) y la de gastrosquisis fue 1,9/10 000 en HCUCH y 1,1/10 000 en MCh (p = 0,036). El promedio de edad materna fue 24,2 años para gastrosquisis y 33,6 para onfalocele (p < 0,004). La sobrevida de gastrosquisis fue 100 por ciento versus 31,7 por ciento en onfalocele (p < 0,0425). Todos los RN con onfalocele, salvo uno, presentaban asociación con otras MC graves. El peso de nacimiento y edad gestacional fueron significativamente menores en onfalocele. Conclusión: La prevalencia de DPA fue significativamente mayor en el HCUCH que en el resto de las maternidades chilenas. Gastrosquisis se presentó en hijos de mujeres más jóvenes y onfalocele en las de mayor edad.
